Alteraciones psicosociales y dimensiones de la calidad de vida en pacientes con daño cerebral adquirido

RESUMEN El objetivo del estudio estuvo dirigido a establecer los indicadores de alteraciones psicosociales y las dimensiones que interfieren en la calidad de vida, según el paciente con daño cerebral adquirido, sus familiares y los especialistas de asistencia, pertenecientes al Consejo Popular San Juan de Dios. Se realizó un estudio mixto cuanticualitativo en el período comprendido entre mayo de 2018 y mayo de 2020, el que se extiende hasta hoy, atendiendo a los resultados que se han incorporado a la práctica médica sobre la base de la implementación de un proyecto de investigación que se ejecutó a partir de la colaboración entre el Centro de Desarrollo de las Ciencias Sociales y Humanísticas en Salud y el Hospital Universitario Manuel Ascunce Domenech, de Camagüey. La muestra la constituyeron 30 pacientes y sus familiares, pertenecientes a los consultorios de mayor prevalencia en los casos objeto de estudio. Para el desarrollo de la investigación se emplearon métodos empíricos, teóricos y matemático-estadísticos y se aplicó la escala de la calidad de vida del paciente con daño cerebral (CAVIDACE), dirigida a la familia. Como principales resultados se determinó que las principales funciones psíquicas superiores que mostraron alteraciones fueron los procesos de atención y memoria. Se apreciaron en la mayoría de los pacientes alteraciones emocionales, conductuales, en la autonomía funcional y en la integración social. Las dimensiones de la calidad de vida que evidencian más alteraciones fueron la inserción social, el bienestar emocional y físico, el desarrollo personal y las relaciones interpersonales. De acuerdo con el percentil de la escala se evidenciaron resultados de calidad de vida baja en la mayoría de los pacientes, posterior al daño cerebral adquirido.

ABSTRACT The general objective of the study was aimed at establishing the indicators of psychosocial alterations and the dimensions that interfere with quality of life, according to the patient with acquired brain injury, their relatives and assistance specialists, belonging to the San Juan de Dios Popular Council. A mixed quantitative-qualitative study was carried out in the period between May 2018 and May 2020, which extends until today, based on the results that have been incorporated into medical practice based on the implementation of a research project that It was executed from the collaboration between the Center for the Development of Social and Humanistic Sciences in Health and the Manuel Ascunce Domenech University Hospital, in Camagüey. The sample was made up of 30 patients and their relatives, belonging to the most prevalent clinics in the cases under study. For the development of the research, empirical, theoretical and mathematical-statistical methods were used, and the scale of the quality of life of the patient with brain damage (CAVIDACE), aimed at the family, was applied. As main results, it was determined that the main superior psychic functions that showed alterations were: attention and memory processes. Emotional, behavioral, functional autonomy and social integration alterations were observed in most of the patients. The dimensions of quality of life that showed more alterations were: social insertion, emotional and physical well-being, personal development and interpersonal relationships. According to the percentile of the scale, results of low quality of life were evidenced in most of the patients, after to the acquired cerebral damage.

Rare and unusual benign tumors of the sinonasal tract and pharynx: Case series and literature review.

There are a number of benign tumors of the nose and pharynx that are seldomly reported in literature but that can sometimes prove difficult to treat and extremely important for differential diagnosis. The present study presents cases of rare benign tumors localized in the pharynx, nasal and sinus cavities, as well as reviews of literature and historical references for each type of tumor. Unilateral nasal hemangioma in a 72-year-old male which, although not a rare pathology, raised problems due to auto-resection of the tumor. The surgeon was able to pull it out with ease without bleeding; it is possible that the mass would have eventually fallen out. Pilomatrixoma is a relatively uncommon ectodermal benign tumor of the skin derived from hair matrix cells. Surgical resection is curative but recurrence is possible (≤5% risk). The presented case is of a 26-year-old female with a pilomatrixoma of the left cheek who, for aesthetic reasons, refused a classical external surgical approach. Trans-oral resection was performed, which proved feasible but laborious and prone to recurrence. Inverted Schneiderian papilloma is a rare benign tumor of the nasal and sinus cavities with increased potential for invasion, recurrence and malignant transformation compared with other types of papilloma and other benign tumors of the area. The tumor represents 0.5-4.0% of all nasal tumors and has been described under different names, such as villiform cancer and cylindrical/transitional papilloma. The present study reports a rare case of bilateral papilloma in a 68-year-old male. He presented with bilateral evolving nasal obstruction and hyposmia. Following surgery, the patient was treated by a multidisciplinary team and followed by a respiratory rehabilitation program.

La inserción académica y laboral como un factor asociado a la calidad de vida en pacientes con epilepsia farmacorresistente del lóbulo temporal / Academic and employment insertion as a factor related to quality of life in patients with drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy

Introducción: La inserción académica y laboral es uno de los problemas que más preocupan a las personas con epilepsia, pero permanece sin esclarecer su relación con la calidad de vida. Objetivo: Analizar los efectos de la inserción académica y laboral en la calidad de vida, la ansiedad, la depresión, el apoyo social y las funciones ejecutivas, así como la relación entre estas variables en pacientes con epilepsia farmacorresistente. Pacientes y métodos: Cincuenta y nueve pacientes con epilepsia farmacorresistente del lóbulo temporal fueron clasificados en dos grupos, con inserción académica o laboral (n = 25) y sin inserción (n = 34), y se les realizó una evaluación neuropsicológica. Resultados: Los pacientes con inserción presentaron una calidad de vida significativamente mayor, menor ansiedad rasgo y mayor apoyo social percibido, así como una tendencia a tener un menor porcentaje de errores y un mayor porcentaje de respuestas conceptuales que los pacientes sin inserción laboral. La inserción académica/laboral tuvo efectos indirectos en la calidad de vida a través de su relación con el apoyo social y la ansiedad rasgo. Conclusiones: Nuestros hallazgos ofrecen un modelo para entender la calidad de vida en los pacientes con epilepsia del lóbulo temporal desde una perspectiva integral del paciente y señalan el papel clave del aumento del apoyo social y de la reducción de la ansiedad asociados con la inserción académica y laboral para mejorar la calidad de vida. Estos resultados podrían favorecer la implementación de programas que promuevan la reinserción académica o laboral, considerando la relevancia de variables socioemocionales.(AU)

Introduction: Academic and employment insertion is one of the issues that most concern people with epilepsy, but little is known about its relationship with quality of life. Aim: We aimed to analyze the effects of the academic and employment insertion on quality of life, anxiety, depression, social support, and executive functions, and the relationships among these variables in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. Patients and methods: Fifty-nine patients with drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy were classified into two groups: with academic or employment insertion (n = 25) and without insertion (n = 34) and underwent a neuropsychological evaluation. Results: Patients with insertion had a significantly better quality of life, lower trait anxiety, and higher social support, and tended to have a lower percentage of errors and higher percent conceptual level responses than those without insertion. Academic/employment insertion had indirect effects on quality of life through its relationship with global social support and trait anxiety. Conclusions: Our findings provide a model for understanding the quality of life in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy for an integral perspective of the patient and points out the key role of increased social support and reduced anxiety associated with academic and employment insertion to improve quality of life. These results could favor the implementation of programs that promote academic or employment reinsertion, considering the relevance of socio-emotional domains.(AU)

A inserção social da Pós-graduação em Serviço Social da Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte / The Post-graduate social insertion in Social Work of the Rio Grande do Norte State University

Resumo: O artigo visa discutir a inserção social do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Serviço Social e Direitos Sociais da Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), contextualizando sua criação, trajetória, avanços e desafios, bem como as ações e experiências empreendidas na tríade ensino, pesquisa e extensão, com destaque para intervenção social.

Abstract: This article aims to discuss the social insertion of the Post-graduation Program in Social Service and Social Rights of UERN, contextualizing its creation, trajectory, advances, and struggles, as well as the actions and experiences undertaken in the education, research, and extension triad, with a spotlight on social intervention.

A Pós-graduação em Serviço Social na Universidade Federal do Amazonas: contribuições para a sociedade / The Post-graduate in Social Work at Federal University of Amazonas: contributions to society

Resumo: O artigo discute a inserção social do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Serviço Social e Sustentabilidade na Amazônia da Universidade Federal do Amazonas (Ufam), com foco em sua relação com a sociedade em um contexto amazônico.

Abstract: The article discusses the social insertion of the Graduate Program in Social Work and Sustainability in the Amazon at the Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), focusing on its relationship with society in an Amazonian context.

Inserção social nos Programas de Pós-graduação na área de Serviço Social / Social insertion in Graduate Programs in the Social Work area

Resumo: O artigo busca contribuir com as discussões sobre a relação universidade e sociedade, abordando a inserção social dos programas de pós-graduação stricto sensu na área de Serviço Social. Apresenta breve histórico sobre a inserção social como critério de avaliação pela Capes, além de panorama da inserção social como subsídio para a produção de conhecimento e como dimensão que reflete o compromisso ético, político, profissional e social, com problemas da sociedade em nível local, regional e nacional.

Abstract: The article seeks to contribute to the discussions on the relationship between university and society, addressing the social insertion of stricto sensu graduate programs in the area of Social Work. It presents a brief history of social insertion as a criterion for evaluation by Capes, in addition to a panorama of social insertion as a subsidy for the production of knowledge and as a dimension that reflects the ethical, political, professional and social commitment to society's problems at the local level, regional and national.

A inserção Social do Programa de Pós-graduação em Serviço Social da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba / The social insertion of the Graduate Program in Social Service of Federal University of Paraíba

Resumo: Neste artigo, abordam-se potencialidades e desafios da inserção social do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Serviço Social da UEPB, no contexto do desenvolvimento social da Paraíba. Discute-se a importância do programa para a formação de profissionais qualificados, de modo a atender às demandas da interiorização do ensino superior e das políticas sociais com uma formação crítica, frente à conjuntura de ataques ao ensino superior e à pós-graduação no Brasil.

Abstract: This research paper approaches the potentialities and challenges of the social insertion of the Post-Graduate Program in Social Service of UEPB, in the context of the social development in Paraíba, Brazil. It discusses the importance of this Program to the training of qualified professionals, meeting the demand of interiorization of higher education and social policies, with a critical formation, in face of a conjuncture of attacks to the higher education and the Post-Graduation in Brazil.

Inserção social: princípio e compromisso na experiência da Pós-graduação em Serviço Social na Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás / Social inclusion: principle and commitment in the Social Works Post-graduate experience in Pontificial Catholic University of Goiás

Resumo: Este artigo apresenta o mestrado em Serviço Social da PUC Goiás, considerando o acompanhamento dos egressos e objetiva explicitar sua inserção social na realidade local e regional. Destaca seu caráter interdisciplinar e aponta que os egressos estão inseridos em instituições de ensino superior e em atividades relacionadas ao controle social. Essa inserção se materializa, ainda, na qualificação desses profissionais, com vistas à ampliação do acesso a direitos da população goiana e brasileira.

Abstract: This article presents the Master's Degree in Social Work at PUC Goiás, considering the monitoring of graduates and it aims to explain their social insertion in the local and regional reality. It highlights its interdisciplinary character and points out that the graduates are inserted in higher education institutions and in activities related to social control. This insertion also happens in the qualification of these professionals, aiming to increase access to the rights by the population of Goiás and Brazil.

Inserção social como função política da universidade: resistências e perspectivas / Social insertion as a political function of the university: resistance and perspectives

Resumo: Este artigo apresenta apontamentos referentes à inserção social a partir da experiência do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Serviço Social e Políticas Sociais (PPGSSPS) na Baixada Santista. Objetiva contribuir com o debate da inserção social e sistematizar percursos e ações que evidenciem o empenho do programa na materialização dessa função em um contexto de contrarreformas do Estado, de ataques à educação e de profundas desigualdades sociais.

Abstract: This article presents notes regarding social insertion from experience of Graduate Program in Social Work and Social Policies (PPGSSPS), in Baixada Santista. It aims to contribute with the debate of social insertion and to systematize paths and actions that highlight the Program's commitment in materialization of this function in a context of counter-reforms of the State, attacks on education and profound social inequalities.

Caracterización psicosocial de latinoamericanos internos en el Centro de Inserción Social de Málaga - España

Resumen La finalidad de la presente investigación es realizar la caracterización psicosocial de personas de origen latinoamericano que delinquieron en España y que se encuentran internas en el Centro de Inserción Social de la comunidad de Andalucía en la ciudad de Málaga. Para esto, se utilizó una metodología mixta (cualitativa y cuantitativa) de tipo empírica e inductiva. En la cual se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas, observación participante, la aplicación de pruebas psicológicas para evaluar los constructos de autoestima e impulsividad y una encuesta. Se analizó la información en los siguientes tópicos: características sociodemográficas, dinámica cultural y social, composición familiar, salud física y psicológica, autoestima, impulsividad, motivaciones para delinquir, escalamiento de conductas análogas, antisociales y delictivas, redes de apoyo o vínculos socio familiares, factores del proceso de inserción social, reincidencia y proyecto de vida. Como resultado se obtuvieron similitudes en los factores culturales, sociales y geográficos entre otros, no obstante, se determinó que no existe un solo factor que explique la conducta delictiva.

Abstract The purpose of the present investigation is to perform psychosocial characterization of people of Latin American origin who have committed crimes in Spain and who are internal in the Center of Social Insertion of the community of Andalusia in the city of Malaga; for this, mixed (qualitative and quantitative) methodology of empirical and inductive type was used, where different tools were used to collect information, including semi-structured interviews, participant observation, the application of psychological tests to evaluate the constructs of self-esteem and impulsivity and a survey; Subsequently, the information collected on the following topics was analyzed and processed: sociodemographic characteristics, cultural and social dynamics, family composition, physical and psychological health, self-esteem, impulsivity, motivation to commit a crime, escalation of analogous, antisocial and criminal behaviors, support networks or socio - family ties, factors of the social insertion process, recidivism and life project. As a result, similarities were obtained in cultural, social and geographical factors among others, however, it was determined that there is not a single factor that explains the criminal behavior.

Autismo en Ecuador: Un grupo social en espera de atención / Autism in Ecuador: A social group waiting for attention

Resumen Aunque se han dado vigorosos avances históricos en torno a definir las características de las personas que tienen una conducta que puede estar dentro del Espectro Autista, aún queda por atender, y de manera urgente, a los procesos, la exactitud y la rigurosidad que se debe emplear en el diagnóstico. Ecuador no escapa a esta realidad. El presente estudio pionero en el campo del autismo a nivel nacional, hecho con 160 niños y niñas de la costa y de la sierra, 80 diagnosticados con autismo junto con otros 80 neurotípicos, destaca la necesidad de atender estos tópicos. Se concluyó por medio de encuestas y confirmación de casos, que incluyó de forma innovadora el análisis de inserción social, que los procesos diagnósticos demandan ingentes gastos económicos, y varían según la inserción social y la ubicación socio espacial; el 26% de los niños del grupo de estudio recibió entre 1 a 5 diferentes diagnósticos previos, el 13,75% fue diagnosticado erróneamente, el 46,2% en Guayaquil y el 23,7% en Quito, gastaron más de 1000 dólares en búsqueda de ese ansiado diagnóstico. La presente investigación de tipo caso-control con niños/as de entre 2 a 12 años, provenientes de Quito y Guayaquil, permitió conocer la situación real del autismo en el Ecuador, objetivo que reveló grandes problemáticas en lo que respecta a la forma de obtener el diagnóstico, y los procesos terapéuticos; datos que se entrelazan con la situación socioeconómica de los padres estudiados.

Summary Although increasing historical progresses have been achieved in defining the characteristics on an unusual behavior among people who could be on the autism spectrum disorder, still remains processes, accuracy and preciseness that must be used in order to get a diagnosis, which requires an urgent attention. Ecuador is also part of this reality. This study is the first research that has been performed in the country, with 160 school-aged boys and girls coming from the mountains and the coast of Ecuador, 80 diagnosed with autism, and 80 neuro-typical kids. The results reveal the necessity to attend this matter. Surveys and confirmation cases including an innovative way of social insertion analysis show that the diagnostic processes demands important economical resources, and these economical resources could vary according to social insertion, and socio-spatial location; 26% of the children that were part of this study, received between 1 to 5 previous different diagnosis, 13,75% were mistakenly diagnosed; 46,2% of them, that were from the city of Guayaquil, and 23,7% from the city of Quito, spent more than one thousand dollars trying to get the diagnosis. This case-control study with children between ages of 2 and 12 years old, from Quito and Guayaquil, allows us to know the real situation of autism in Ecuador. It reveals major problems regarding on how to obtain a diagnosis, a therapeutic process, most of them related to the socio economical situation of the parents that were part of this study.

Long term results after cochlear implantation: Schooling and social insertion of teenagers and young adults.

INTRODUCTION: To analyse the long-term impact of cochlear implantation (CI) in deaf patients on perception and language, and on schooling and social insertion. METHOD: A total of 131 profoundly deaf patients that had unilateral CI, aged at follow up 16 to 26 years old and with 5 years minimum of follow up were included for the study. 84 of them had profound congenital deafness (Gc) and 47 had progressive deafness (Gp). In Gc, the mean age at CI was 5 years (3-16), the mean FU was 15 years. In Gp, the mean age at CI was 9 years (3-17 years), the mean FU was 11 years. The perceptive scores (open set sentences (OSS), word in open set sentences (WSS)), the intelligibility rate (SIR), the lexical scores (EVIP) were analysed and compared to the Schooling Status (SS) & Social Insertion (SSSI) (University/Working/Handicapped environment) and Classified as (Mainstream or Specialized). Both groups were compared. RESULTS: The mean results for Gc and Gp respectively were for the OSS score: 67.1% and 80.7% (P=0.009) and the SIR: 4.5 and 4.8 (P=0.049). EVIP scores were: in Gc, 56% of patients had normal or≥+1 SD; in Gp 72% of patients had normal or≥+1 SD. The SSSI: 63% in Gc and 83% in Gp were in Mainstream Schooling. Low level of EVIP scores were linked to Specialized environment in both groups (P=0.01, P=0.04). DISCUSSION: Long-term results show that differences have to be expected whether implanted children had congenital or progressive deafness. In both groups, strong correlations remain between perceptive results, lexical scores and the SSSI. CONCLUSION: On the long term the lexical level remains a relevant tool to assess the evolution of implantees. For those who do not reach a near to normal lexical level, impact on the schooling and the social insertion has to be expected.

Atitude político-ideológica e inserção social: fatores psicossociais do preconceito / Ideological-political attitude and social insertion: psychosociological factors of racial prejudice?

Neste estudo, objetivou-se verificar como se apresentam a atitude político-ideológica e a inserção social, no contexto universitário, frente ao preconceito sutil. Participaram 206 estudantes, 80 por cento mulheres e idade média de 23 anos (DP=5,34), sendo heterogênea a divisão entre as áreas do conhecimento humano, saúde e educação. Foram utilizadas as escalas de inserção universitária, preconceito sutil e atitude favorável ao 1º e 3º mundos. Foi realizada ANOVA (Scheffé) entre as áreas do conhecimento e inserções, onde se verificou a promoção de inserções em diferentes atividades na universidade. Regressões (stepwise) constatam que as atitudes primeiro e terceiro mundistas são inversamente preditivas às inserções universitárias, assim como sua pertença às áreas, e que a inserção extracurricular prediz menor expressão de preconceito sutil. Infere-se que atitudes político-ideológicas atuam indiretamente no preconceito sutil, diferentemente da sua atuação mais direta frente à inserção social e ao antirracismo.(AU)

In this study, the aim is verify how political-ideological attitudes and the social insertion in college context are observed through subtle prejudice. Took part 206 college students, 80 percent woman and average age of 23 (SD=5,34), divided into knowledge areas: human, health and education. The tools used were university insertion and subtle prejudice scales and favorable attitude on the first and third world. ANOVA (Scheffé) were used and identified knowledge areas as promoting insertions in different activities at the university. Regressions (stepwise) verified that first and third world attitudes are conversely predict to university insertions thus as their areas insertions, and which extracurricular insertion predict lower expression of subtle prejudice. It suggests that political-ideological attitudes acting indirectly on subtle prejudice expression, unlike its influence towards social insertion and anti-racism.(AU)

Atitude político-ideológica e inserção social: fatores psicossociais do preconceito / Ideological-political attitude and social insertion: psychosociological factors of racial prejudice?

Neste estudo, objetivou-se verificar como se apresentam a atitude político-ideológica e a inserção social, no contexto universitário, frente ao preconceito sutil. Participaram 206 estudantes, 80 por cento mulheres e idade média de 23 anos (DP=5,34), sendo heterogênea a divisão entre as áreas do conhecimento humano, saúde e educação. Foram utilizadas as escalas de inserção universitária, preconceito sutil e atitude favorável ao 1º e 3º mundos. Foi realizada ANOVA (Scheffé) entre as áreas do conhecimento e inserções, onde se verificou a promoção de inserções em diferentes atividades na universidade. Regressões (stepwise) constatam que as atitudes primeiro e terceiro mundistas são inversamente preditivas às inserções universitárias, assim como sua pertença às áreas, e que a inserção extracurricular prediz menor expressão de preconceito sutil. Infere-se que atitudes político-ideológicas atuam indiretamente no preconceito sutil, diferentemente da sua atuação mais direta frente à inserção social e ao antirracismo.

In this study, the aim is verify how political-ideological attitudes and the social insertion in college context are observed through subtle prejudice. Took part 206 college students, 80 percent woman and average age of 23 (SD=5,34), divided into knowledge areas: human, health and education. The tools used were university insertion and subtle prejudice scales and favorable attitude on the first and third world. ANOVA (Scheffé) were used and identified knowledge areas as promoting insertions in different activities at the university. Regressions (stepwise) verified that first and third world attitudes are conversely predict to university insertions thus as their areas insertions, and which extracurricular insertion predict lower expression of subtle prejudice. It suggests that political-ideological attitudes acting indirectly on subtle prejudice expression, unlike its influence towards social insertion and anti-racism.

Oficinas expressivas: uma inclusão de singularidades / Expressive ateliers: an inclusion of singularities / Ateliers expressifs: une inclusion des singularités / Oficinas expresivas: una inclusión de singularidades

Este artigo pretende fazer uma reflexão crítica sobre as atividades artísticas realizadas nos serviços de saúde mental e nos diversos espaços sociais. Inicialmente, contextualiza-se como a loucura tem sido percebida socialmente, como o trabalho tem sido visto na forma de tratamento moral e como a assistência psiquiátrica modificou-se no decorrer da história. A seguir, problematizam-se as formas ainda exclusoras de realizar oficinas terapêuticas apenas em serviços de saúde mental e unicamente com a participação de pessoas que possuem transtornos mentais. Questiona-se também a clínica tradicional e cronificante. Discute-se, ainda, a segregação daqueles que desviam da serialização de subjetividades impostas pela sociedade de controle. As atividades expressivas propõem a inclusão de múltiplas singularidades. Além disso, busca-se um acolhimento às diversas formas de linguagem, não apenas aquelas restritas ao verbal, e a circulação de afetos e de produções artísticas em diversos territórios comunitários(AU)

This article intends to make a critical reflection on the artistic activities accomplished in mental health services, and in many social spaces. Initially, it's contextualized how mental illness has been perceived in society, how the work seemed to be a moral treatment, and how the psychiatric assistance has been modified through history. Following, we consider the still excludent forms of accomplishing therapeutical workshops only in services of mental health, and with the exclusive participation of people with mental disturbances. The traditional and chronifying clinical practice is also questioned. Another discussion is about the segregation of people who deviate from the serialization of subjectivities imposed by a society of control. Expressive activities consider the inclusion of multiple singularities. Moreover, there is a search for a way of sheltering the multiple forms of language, not only those restricted to the verbal one, and the circulation of affection and artistic productions in different communitarian territories(AU)

Cet article vise à faire une réflexion critique sur les activités artistiques réalisées dans les services de santé mentale et dans divers espaces sociaux. Initialement, on contextualize comme la folie a été perçue socialement, comme le travail a été vu sous la forme de traitement moral et comme l'assistance psychiatrique s'est modifiée pendant l'histoire. À suivre, on pose quéstion sur les formes d'ateliers thérapeutiques qui encore excluent les personnes, dans la mesure où ils sont realisés seulement dans services de santé mentale et seulement avec la participation de personnes qui souffrent de bouleversements mentaux. On discute aussi la clinique traditionnelle et chronifiée et la ségrégation des personnes qui dévient de la serialization de la subjectivité imposée par la société de contrôle. Les activités expressives proposent l'inclusion de multiples singularités. En outre, on cherche accueillir les diverses formes de langage - non seulement celles-là restreintes au verbal - et permettre la circulation d'affections et de productions artistiques dans divers territoires communautaires(AU)

Este articulo pretende hacer una reflexión sobre las actividades artísticas realizadas en los servicios de salud mental y en los diversos espacios sociales. Inicialmente, se contextualiza como la locura ha sido percibida socialmente, como el trabajo en la forma de tratamiento moral y como la asistencia psiquiátrica se ha modificado en el recorrer de la historia. A seguir se problematizan las formas todavía exclusoras de realizar oficinas terapéuticas solo en servicios de salud mental y solamente con la participación de personas que tienen trastornos mentales. Se cuestiona, aún, la clínica tradicional y cronificante. Se discute, todavía, la segregación de los que desvían de la socialización de subjetividades impuestas por la sociedad de control. Las actividades expresivas proponen la inclusión de múltiples singularidades. Fuera de eso, se busca un acogimiento a las diversas formas de lenguaje, no solo aquellas restrictas al verbal, pero también a la circulación de afectos y producciones artísticas en diversos territorios comunitarios(AU)

Inserção social e habitação: um caminho para a avaliação da situação de moradia de portadores de transtorno mental grave no Brasil / Inserción social y habitación: un camino para la evaluación de la situación de vivienda de portadores de transtorno mental grave en Brasil / Social integration and living space: a path for evaluating the housing situation for people with severe mental disorders in Brazil

No que concerne às suas necessidades de moradias, os portadores de transtorno mental grave no Brasil possuem duas perspectivas: os Serviços Residenciais Terapêuticos (SRTs) ou formas alternativas, como o apoio de familiares e/ou da rede de saúde mental do SUS, sobretudo os Centros de Atenção Psicossocial (Caps). Parece fundamental avaliar como os portadores de sofrimento mental grave constituem suas habitações (habitus) e inserção social nessas experiências, a partir dos elementos estruturais da moradia (abrigo, privacidade, segurança e conforto) e de suporte (rede social e de serviços), bem como o acompanhamento ofertado pelos serviços, em um contexto de desinstitucionalização. Para isso, são discutidos pressupostos, categorias de análise e possíveis contribuições de um método de investigação avaliativa qualitativa e interdisciplinar, elaborado por pesquisadores de distintas áreas do saber (antropologia, arquitetura, psicanálise e saúde coletiva), de modo a propiciar uma aproximação mais sistemática acerca dessa importante temática.

With regard to housing needs, people with severe mental disorders in Brazil have two possibilities: therapeutic residential services or alternative forms of service such as family support and/or support from the mental health services, particularly from psychosocial support centers. It seems fundamental to evaluate how people with severe mental disorders establish their living space (habitus) and their social integration during these experiences, starting from the structural elements of housing (shelter, privacy, safety and comfort) and the support elements (social network and health services), along with the follow-up provided by health services, within a context of deinstitutionalization. For this, some principles, analysis categories and possible contributions for a qualitative and interdisciplinary evaluative investigation method are discussed. This method was developed by researchers from different knowledge areas (anthropology, architecture, psychoanalysis and public health), in order to provide a more systematic approach towards this important topic.

En cuanto concierne a sus necesidades de vivienda, los portadores de transtorno mental grave en Brasil poseen dos perspectivas: los Servicios Residenciales Terapéuticos (SRTs), o formas alternativas como el apoyo de familiares y/o de la red de salud mental del Sistema Unificado de Salud, sobre todo los Centros de Atención Psico-social (Caps). Parece fundamental evaluar como los portadores de sufrimiento mental grave constituyen sus habitaciones (habitus) e inserción social en estas experiencias a partir de los elementos estructurales de la vivienda (abrigo, privacidad y comodidad) y de soporte (red social y de servicios), así como el acompañamiento ofrecido por los servicios, en un contexto de des-institucionalización. Para esto, se discuten presupuestos, categorías de análisis y posibles contribuciones de un método de investigación evaluativa cualitativa e interdisciplinarios elaborado por investigadores de distintas áreas del saber (antropología, arquitectura, psicoanálisis y salud colectiva), de modo a propiciar una aproximación más sistemática sobre esta temática importante.

Oficinas expressivas: uma inclusão de singularidades / Expressive ateliers: an inclusion of singularities / Ateliers expressifs: une inclusion des singularités / Oficinas expresivas: una inclusión de singularidades

Este artigo pretende fazer uma reflexão crítica sobre as atividades artísticas realizadas nos serviços de saúde mental e nos diversos espaços sociais. Inicialmente, contextualiza-se como a loucura tem sido percebida socialmente, como o trabalho tem sido visto na forma de tratamento moral e como a assistência psiquiátrica modificou-se no decorrer da história. A seguir, problematizam-se as formas ainda exclusoras de realizar oficinas terapêuticas apenas em serviços de saúde mental e unicamente com a participação de pessoas que possuem transtornos mentais. Questiona-se também a clínica tradicional e cronificante. Discute-se, ainda, a segregação daqueles que desviam da serialização de subjetividades impostas pela sociedade de controle. As atividades expressivas propõem a inclusão de múltiplas singularidades. Além disso, busca-se um acolhimento às diversas formas de linguagem, não apenas aquelas restritas ao verbal, e a circulação de afetos e de produções artísticas em diversos territórios comunitários

This article intends to make a critical reflection on the artistic activities accomplished in mental health services, and in many social spaces. Initially, it's contextualized how mental illness has been perceived in society, how the work seemed to be a moral treatment, and how the psychiatric assistance has been modified through history. Following, we consider the still excludent forms of accomplishing therapeutical workshops only in services of mental health, and with the exclusive participation of people with mental disturbances. The traditional and chronifying clinical practice is also questioned. Another discussion is about the segregation of people who deviate from the serialization of subjectivities imposed by a society of control. Expressive activities consider the inclusion of multiple singularities. Moreover, there is a search for a way of sheltering the multiple forms of language, not only those restricted to the verbal one, and the circulation of affection and artistic productions in different communitarian territories

Cet article vise à faire une réflexion critique sur les activités artistiques réalisées dans les services de santé mentale et dans divers espaces sociaux. Initialement, on contextualize comme la folie a été perçue socialement, comme le travail a été vu sous la forme de traitement moral et comme l'assistance psychiatrique s'est modifiée pendant l'histoire. À suivre, on pose quéstion sur les formes d'ateliers thérapeutiques qui encore excluent les personnes, dans la mesure où ils sont realisés seulement dans services de santé mentale et seulement avec la participation de personnes qui souffrent de bouleversements mentaux. On discute aussi la clinique traditionnelle et chronifiée et la ségrégation des personnes qui dévient de la serialization de la subjectivité imposée par la société de contrôle. Les activités expressives proposent l'inclusion de multiples singularités. En outre, on cherche accueillir les diverses formes de langage - non seulement celles-là restreintes au verbal - et permettre la circulation d'affections et de productions artistiques dans divers territoires communautaires

Este articulo pretende hacer una reflexión sobre las actividades artísticas realizadas en los servicios de salud mental y en los diversos espacios sociales. Inicialmente, se contextualiza como la locura ha sido percibida socialmente, como el trabajo en la forma de tratamiento moral y como la asistencia psiquiátrica se ha modificado en el recorrer de la historia. A seguir se problematizan las formas todavía exclusoras de realizar oficinas terapéuticas solo en servicios de salud mental y solamente con la participación de personas que tienen trastornos mentales. Se cuestiona, aún, la clínica tradicional y cronificante. Se discute, todavía, la segregación de los que desvían de la socialización de subjetividades impuestas por la sociedad de control. Las actividades expresivas proponen la inclusión de múltiples singularidades. Fuera de eso, se busca un acogimiento a las diversas formas de lenguaje, no solo aquellas restrictas al verbal, pero también a la circulación de afectos y producciones artísticas en diversos territorios comunitarios

De poeta e louco todo mundo tem um pouco - oficina de poesia / We are all a bit crazy, and poets sometimes - poetry worshops

A reforma psiquiátrica está completando 30 anos. No Brasil, esse movimento propõe um novo modelo assistencial, pautado no conceito de clínica ampliada, no qual o sujeito em sofrimento mental, sua família, profissionais de diversas categorias e a comunidade, interagem num movimento dialógico construindo outro paradigma assistencial em saúde mental. Assim, estrutura-se uma rede de atenção, que inclui o CAPS - Centro de Atenção Psicossocial, lugar de cuidado, onde se oportuniza escuta e liberdade de expressão, favorecendo o crescimento pessoal, a autonomia e a construção de vínculos, promovendo a inserção social. Neste o sujeito considerado em sua totalidade, subjetiva e existencial, tem direitos humanos, individuais e civis respeitados. Assim, a oficina de poesia é uma atividade realizada no CAPS Renascer, na qual objetivamos criar um espaço de encontro entre os usuários, onde a cultura circule através de material poético, promovendo o acesso ao conhecimento, à troca de idéias e à produção cultural.(AU)

The psychiatric reform is reaching the age of 30. In Brazil, the movement proposes a new assistance model, based on concept of amplified clinical, in which the subject in mental distress, his family, professionals of various categories and communities interact in a dialogical movement, building another paradigm of mental health. In this way the assistance is reorganized by a group of special attention that includes the Centro de Apoio Psicossocial – CAPS (Psychosocial Support Center); it is an area of care and shelter that allows the listening and freedom of speech, encouraging the personal growth, autonomy and building of links, promoting the social insertion. In the CAPS, the subject is considered in his totality as subjective as existential, and his human, civil and individual rights are respected. In the end the workshop of poetry an activity realized in the CAPS Renascer, in which we objective to promote an environment of meeting between the users in which the culture run through poetical material, promoting the access to the knowledge, exchange of views and the culture production.(AU)